Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay - 966 Words

The Pre-Civil War novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, is about a young boy named Huck. His mother is dead and his father is an alcoholic. Huck is now being raised by the Widow Douglass, a woman who is attempting to raise Huck to be a successful, educated member of society, despite his many protests. Because of the violence and forced conformity, Huck runs away and unites with a runaway slave named Jim. Instead of turning Jim in, Huck decides to help him break free from slavery. By doing this, he is going against the societal norm and refusing to follow certain rules just because that’s what everyone else is doing. As they run away together, Huck begins to notice and understand the common stereotypes within society. He†¦show more content†¦Huck is later introduced to the Grangerford family after a ferryboat incident that separated him from Jim. Huck quickly learns of the family feud between the Grangerfords and the Shepherdsons. The feud has been goin g on for so long that no one evens knows what started it anymore. The two families constantly argue and try to kill each each other with the exception of their Sunday church breaks. Even at church, though, the two families sit in opposing pews, glaring at each other with their guns at the ready. â€Å"It was pretty ornery preaching - all about brotherly love†¦ everybody said it was a good sermon, and they all talked it over going home, and had such a powerful lot to say about faith and good works† (Twain 109). Twain uses this family feud (one that resembles the story of Romeo and Juliet) to satirize religion. The two families consider themselves Christian and attend church, but are willing to shoot each other down in the middle of a sermon about brotherly love, even though one of the Ten Commandments states â€Å"Thou shalt not kill†. Instead of loving and accepting each other, the two families sit in their designated pews glaring at each other, their hatred radi ating throughout the entire church. That following Monday, the day after the brotherly love sermon, the family broke out into a deadly gunfight, where members from both families were killed. This is a key example of religious satire because the Grangerfords and the Shepherdsons do things, likeShow MoreRelatedMark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay1103 Words   |  5 Pages Published in 1885, Mark Twain’s American classic, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, captured the both the hearts and hatred of its audience. While some view it as a masterpiece that successfully blended the American condition in a captivating and interesting manner, others observe it to be nothing more than racist trash. The latter is a shallow misunderstanding of the novel’s purpose and potential enlightening impact on its readers. From a more appreciative and open-minded perspective, one wouldRead MoreEssay on Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1742 Words   |  7 PagesMark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twains classic novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, tells the story of a teenaged misfit who finds himself floating on a raft down the MississippiRead More The Outcast in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn641 Words   |  3 PagesOutcast in Huckleberry Finn nbsp; One of the themes that has been addressed by writers since the beginning of civilization is the issue of the split between living in society and living by oneself. We see this in that peculiarly American genre of books known as road books, in which the protagonist embarks upon a long journey or period of time away from society in order to find themselves. One of the quintessential examples of this type of book is Mark Twains novel The Adventures of HuckleberryRead MoreMark TwainS The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn Is More1915 Words   |  8 PagesMark Twain s the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is more than just a condemnation of pre-civil war society and its justification of slavery. Twain also uses the novel to challenge the validity of superstition. The main characters, Huckleberry and Jim, are mere marionettes for Twain to express his censure through; he mocks them with their own fears and distortion of superstition. Twain’s representation of superstition throughout the bo ok is indicative of his own thoughts towards the subject. TheRead More The Immature Huck Finn in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1723 Words   |  7 PagesThe Immature Huckleberry Finn      Ã‚  Ã‚   Maturity is not a fickle expression such as happiness or frustration, but rather an inherent quality one gains over time, such as courage or integrity. Before maturity can be expressed, the one who expresses it must have significant confidence in himself, since self-confidence is the root of maturity. Being flexible and formulating ones own opinions or ideas are aspects of maturity, but neither is possible without self-confidence. The greatest aspect ofRead More The Importance of Friendship in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn829 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Friendship in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Aristotle was once asked what he thought friendship was. His response was, One soul inhabiting two bodies. This was the kind of relationship that Huckleberry Finn and Jim shared in Mark Twains epic novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. This novel is a tool that Mark Twain, whose real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemmons, was using to impress the great benefits of friendship upon society. However, others feelRead MoreThe Controversy Over Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn610 Words   |  3 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is a controversial book that has raised heated debates across America for the past century. It was ranked fifth most challenging books out of one hundred in the 1990s (Chadwick 2). Although this book is a hot topic, it should remain on shelves, and still be taught in schools. While Huck Finn seems to be only a book of satire, most want this book banned because it is seen as highly racial. â€Å"The reading of Huck Finn is humiliating to back studentsRead More The Final Episode of Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn3016 Words   |  13 PagesThe Great Importance of the Final Episode of Huckleberry Finn      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the things many critics of Huckleberry Finn   just cant seem to understand is the final episode of the novel where Tom returns and sidetracks Huck from his rescue of Jim through a long series of silly, boyish plans based on ideas Tom has picked up from Romantic novels, such as those of Walter Scott.   Critic Stephen Railton dismisses these final chapters as just another version of their RoyalRead More The Public Reception of Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn963 Words   |  4 PagesReception of Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Upon its publication in 1884, Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was met with mixed reviews. Some reviewers called it flat, trashy, and irreverent. Others called it Twains best work yet, hailing his humor and style throughout the novel. Though obscure at first, reviews began to appear in many newspapers throughout the country as more and more became interested in the novel as a result of these reviews. Huckleberry Finn was publishedRead More Escaping Reality in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1306 Words   |  6 PagesRunning From Reality in Huckleberry Finn        Ã‚  Ã‚   In Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, a main target of satire is the romantic view of life. Though the characters and symbols, it is evident that the idyllic views are being disparaged. Some of the people in this book are simply deluded, while others cause major tribulations during their lives. Literary romanticism can be pleasant, but it is not real and can confuse those not sage enough to distinguish the difference between a writers

African Americans Are Socialized Around Race - 1462 Words

So doing psychotherapy with African Americans without talking about race just doesn t work. But it s not your fault. African Americans are socialized around race, race has special meaning, and they expect to talk about race in psychotherapy; that s simple enough and not an especially revolutionary idea to many. But here s the rub. Why do most practitioners avoid talking about race despite race s special meaning to African Americans? How come so many practitioners accept African Americans feeling unsatisfied even if feeling psychotherapy was helpful? Most important for this work, what happens to the therapeutic alliance when you exclude race in psychotherapy systems and clinical sessions? Why isn t it your fault? Let s answer some†¦show more content†¦I rarely initiate discussions about race. I leave it up to the (African American) client to bring up racial issues. I feel comfortable talking about racism in society, but I don t know how the patient will take it. Racism is a social ill that needs to be corrected; therapy is about personal issues. What if race isn t important to the client, I don t want to offend her. So both sides vent frustration at poor outcomes; where African American customers and practitioners disagree is their explanations. At bottom, the binding element for African American explanations is skin color is the cause of inferior clinical treatment.29 In contrast, White practitioners don t offer such a succinct conclusion but deny or fear discussing racial categorization as a cause. So why isn t it your fault? Here s an answer: psychotherapy systems exclude race. In effect, while race has special meaning for African Americans, it s absent in the psychotherapy systems and clinical sessions that typically guide a clinician s work with African Americans. What a pickle! For all the polemicists out there, in a nutshell, there are competing visions for psychotherapy with African Americans. Neither side is monolithic. On one side, which I ll call the Universal approach, researchers and scholars hang their hat on the belief that psychotherapy systems are sufficient for treating African Americans becauseShow MoreRelatedEssay on what is the sociological perspective (imagination)691 Words   |  3 Pagesrelationship to the individual. First I will discuss how individuals are socialized. Next I will point out societal structures role in that socialization. Finally I will discuss how the sociological perspective allows us to view different inequalities in the world. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;While growing up we rarely think about why we do things the way that we do, and make the decisions that we make. From infancy we are socialized, meaning that we are trained how to exist within our social environmentRead MoreHealth Care Reform And The Underinsured1747 Words   |  7 Pagesthe United States, as it pertains to under-insured urban populations, will be discussed, with a specific emphasis on its impact on African-Americans; in addition, the modern resolutions to healthcare disparities will be assessed. The 17th century was one of discovery. It was when British settlers first arrived to North America and established the first North American colony. The US was non-existent and it would take over a century for colonists to gain independence from Britain. Tracing it backRead Moreâ€Å"‘Boyz in the Hood’: Masculinities in Native Son†914 Words   |  4 Pagesmasculinity, which according to The Oxford Dictionary means, â€Å"possession of the qualities traditionally associated with men†. 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Most notably, the seriesRead MoreRacism, Class, And Gender Relations1689 Words   |  7 PagesMatter, and a friend of people who are African-American. I realized that even though I try hard to be without bias, that does not mean I am. I have noticed that when I am confronted with a situation in which I am around African-American people that I actively remind myself there is no reason for me to feel uncomfortable or nervous. The reading by Anderson and Collins stood out to me very strongly. In the beginning they discuss why â€Å"Challenging oppressive race, class, and gender relations in societyRead MorePolice Profiling And Arrest Records Of African Americans990 Words   |  4 PagesWith a increasingly socialized world connecting citizens through different mediums such as the internet, television, and radio comes the newfound problems of old issues coming to a head. Research question Are low income African American males more likely to experience a higher number of police stops due to possible racial profiling? Preliminary Hypotheses Many researchers have conducted numerous studies analyzing the police interactions and arrest records of African Americans to see if there is aRead MoreA Brief Note On Spy And Racial Inequity Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagesstratified, limiting society in indirect ways. Throughout my history courses, I learned that explorers and settlers enculturated the savage Indians. Textbooks emphasized how whites built their wonderful communities after ridding the land of Native-American influence. I now know this story is not accurate. In Occupied America: A History of Chicanos, Chicano Studies professor Rodolfo Acuà ±a (2015) notes that Western thinkers â€Å"disrespect or slight† Indian history because â€Å"it challenges the legitimacy ofRead MoreThe Impact Of Television On Television1402 Words   |  6 PagesTelevision has come to define American culture and its youth in very significant ways. What began as a platform for entertainment has branched out into becoming a remarkable a nd unexpected way for younger children to learn. It is important to note what is being broadcasted on television because of how much influence it has on the youth. It has become the dominant storyteller in homes rather than parents, the church, or schools (Signorielli, 2001). As technology further advances, children are generallyRead MoreThe Socialization Of Poverty : America1402 Words   |  6 Pagesthe past, an American governed by hate and cruelty, fully equipped with racial segregation policies. Imagine parents, struggling for their children s education but being denied access because of the color of their skin. Imagine constant disapproval, crime, and suspicions towards someone because of their status, or something beyond their control. Today, we find America changed, healing and progressing from its previous judgments of African-American people. As we set aside our socialized ideas of themRead MoreRace As A Social Construction1679 Words   |  7 PagesAlisha Sparks Dr. Stanley POLS 24 November 2015 Race as a Social Construction When we talk about race, what are we really talking about? The issue of race is a complex issue, with socially ambiguous undertones that have plagued our society for decades. Race has been a marker and maker of stereotypes. Race has been used as a justification for injustice. Whether slavery, Japanese internment, or social and economic exclusion, race has given an avenue for those in power to exclude ones deemed ‘other’

Two Important Factors Needs To Be Considered In Social Media

Question: The Important Factors to Consider In Social Media ? Answer: Introduction: The main purpose of this memo is to highlight the issue related to communication in organization that has been faced by the top Australian airlines Brand Qantas Airlines. This article is the biggest proof of how quality service matters for every organization. Being one of the top airline brands of the world Qantas Airlines has faced several issues in the year 2010 and 2011. From back to back engine failure to negotiation issues with the 3 unions, the time between 2010 and 2011 was very hard time for the company. This particular incident has also shown that how wrong promotions in wrong time can affect the brand image in a negative way. The service of any company is directly related the brand image. If the company fails to give proper service then the brand image cannot do anything in saving the company. Thesis statement: Every brand has to maintain good quality service and proper communication in order to retain customers and attract new ones. Preview: Being one of the top airline brand Qantas faced severe issues in the year 2010 and 2011. On August 30, 2010 a Qantas four engine Boeing 747 which was left from San Francisco had to return back to San Francisco airport after struggling for 45 minutes on the air due to engine failure. In that same year another flight returned to Singapore after take of due to engine collapse. On November 5 2010 another Boeing 747 which took off from Singapore had top return as one of the engine caught fire. All these back to back incidents shook the company completely. People were actually scared in boarding a Qantas flight. Their market share dropped rapidly in 1 month. All these factors created huge impact on the brand image of the company. Moreover there was also some internal problem that took place in the organization. In the year 2011 there were some issues between labors and the 3 company unions. The labors called for strike and the company was forced to reschedule and cancel lots of flights aro und the world. More than 68000 passengers around the world became extremely angry due to these cancellations and rescheduling of flights. As a result of which other companies like Virgin Airlines got huge advantage. Virgin Airlines understood the consequences and they started giving discounts on their tickets and they got a very positive result. After all these issues the company announced a competition on their official twitter page where they asked to share their suggestion for a luxury experience in the flight under the hash tag #Qantas Luxury. They also announced that winners will get 50 luxury pygamas. But unfortunately the response that they received was extremely negative. People started taking out their frustrations that they faced because of the flight delays and cancellation. key issues identified The first and most important issue faced by Qantas is their engine problems. An aircraft is responsible for the life of their passengers. People pay for their safety. Now if in one year there are 3 back to back engine related problems then it is quite obvious people will get afraid in travelling with the airline. So brand image is bound to get hampered. The second most important issue identified in the case is the conflict between the labors and the 3 company unions. This issue had led to several rescheduling of flights and cancelation of flights More than 60000 passengers faced huge problems due to this. Other competitors took advantage of this issue. The 3rd issue that has been identified is the timing of announcing the contest on the social network site Twitter. The time was not appropriate for such initiative. People were very angry and frustrated with the service. This competition that too in a social networking site gave the people opportunity to take out their frustrations. Future actions They should not organize any event or competition just when they have done any blunder. Any advertisement campaign can only be successful if it is done at a proper time. Timing is really important. Psychology of the customer plays a huge role in strategic marketing initiatives. When Qantas already knew that they did few blunders in the recent past for which their customers are already frustrated, they should have avoided taking such risk of organizing competition. They have to give serious attention to their service. Service and products is the lifeline for every company operating in the market. No matter whatever how much the company invests on promotion an advertisements, it will fail until they provide proper service or products to the customer. If these two aspects are not taken care off then it is quite obvious that negative word of mouth publicity will occur which will create an impact n the sales. Two important factors needs to be considered in social media As opined by Chang et al., (2015) around 75% of the people in countries like UK and Australia have accounts on social media network. So it is obvious that it is a great platform to reach to its target audience. But one has to keep in mind that unnecessary tweeting cannot help an organization to gain competitive advantage. A proper social media is required. The 2 most important things that every company should focus on social media marketing Know customers demand: Social media gives every company an opportunity to interact with their customers directly. It gives the company an opportunity to understand the exact needs of their customer. If any company sees that because of their bad service people are posting negative comments on social media platforms then they must immediately take prompt actions by apologizing to their customers in a proper way. They need to take some steps through which they can show that they care for their customers. According to Cader and Al Tenaiji, (2013), the biggest way to gain a customer is buying giving them extra value. Suppose a customer tweets about any issue that person has faced then immediately that person should get an apology and his issues has to be resolved. Proper message: As twitter is the main platform for most of the airlines company to directly express their viewpoints so they need to make sure their tweets are informative and accurate. While dealing with customer there should be warmth and compassion (Constantinides, 2013). They must implement strategies like cost leadership strategy in order to show that they give value to their budget customer as well (Keegan Rowley, 2017). Communication Plan 1.Timing Minimum 6 months 2.Audience The followers in twitter 3.Sender Social media marketing team of Qantas 4.Key Message The main message will be that though there have been mistakes from the company in the past and they are extremely sorry for the inconvenience caused. Now they have sorted out all their problems and are ready to provide an experience of a lifetime in their flights. 5.Desired Outcome The behavior will be extremely polite. They need to keep their cool and provide prompt and accurate answers to their customer. 6.Medium Twitter will be used as their communication channel. 7.Materials Lots of images of their services. Good color in their advertisements with a good tagline. 8.Frequency Qantas should be extremely active. In every 1 hour they should tweet. Summary It has been observed in this report that how a brand can lose it value because of their services and promoting wrong things at wrong time. Qantas which is Australias top airline company had almost lost everything in year 2010 and 11 due to their wrong publicity stunts on twitter. Though the company has struggled a lot they have made sure that such mistakes wont be repeated further. It is also to be noted that in the year 2011 they cancelled their 90th anniversary celebration due to their issues. So ups and downs happen in business, one should learn the way to overcome it. Reference List Cader, Y. Al Tenaiji, A.A., 2013. Social media marketing.International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation,2(6), pp.546-560. Chang, Y.T., Yu, H. Lu, H.P., (2015). Persuasive messages, popularity cohesion, and message diffusion in social media marketing.Journal of Business Research,68(4), pp.777-782. Constantinides, E., (2013). Social Media Marketing: Challenges and Opportunities.Consumer Information Systems and Relationship Management: Design, Implementation, and Use: Design, Implementation, and Use,51. Keegan, B.J. Rowley, J., (2017). Evaluation and decision-making in social media marketing.Management Decision,55(1). Pfeffer, J., Zorbach, T. Carley, K.M., (2014). Understanding online firestorms: Negative word-of-mouth dynamics in social media networks.Journal of Marketing Communications,20(1-2), pp.117-128. Vinerean, S., Cetina, I., Dumitrescu, L. Tichindelean, M., (2013). The effects of social media marketing on online consumer behavior.International Journal of Business and Management,8(14), p.66.

Bless Me Ultima 2 Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Bless Me Ultima 2 Essay, Research Paper Children believe what their parents state them but as they get older they start to inquiry that which used to be unquestionable. Bless Me, Ultima is a fresh by Rudolfo Anaya about a immature Chicano male child, Antonio Juan Marez y Luna, who is turning up and seeing the universe for how barbarous it truly is. A wise old curandera, or faith therapist, Ultima, arrives merely earlier Tony receives his first glance into the universe of work forces. Ultima gives Tony religious healing throughout the book, every bit good as advice to maintain him in harmoniousness with nature and his spirit. The more Tony sees of decease in the small town of Guadalupe, New Mexico, the more he inquiries the Christian God and turns towards the aureate carp, a heathen God of the river. Rudolfo Anaya is bespeaking that each adult male must take his ain faith and fate, by picturing the alterations Tony feels after the deceases of Lupito, Narciso and Florence. We will write a custom essay sample on Bless Me Ultima 2 Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Beforehand, Tony neer questioned his religion but as each individual died Tony turned farther and farther off from Catholicism and finally even off from the heathen faith. Tony questioned his fate and effectivity as a priest, had uncertainties of the Catholic God and finally of everything he had of all time believed in, as Anaya shows that one rigorous faith International Relations and Security Network T ever the right manner or the lone manner. The first measure in Tony s religious journey is when he inquiries his household s long-standing belief in the Catholic faith and his ain fate to follow their dreams of him going a priest. Tony doubts his abilities as a priest, even though he is non one, because his female parent dreams for him to go a priest. Subsequently, he believes that he should hold been able to salvage Lupito s psyche from rolling the river, because he will one twenty-four hours be required to. Whereas, A priest could hold saved Lupito. ( 23 ) , Tony feels guilty that he wasn t able to carry through his responsibility even though it wasn t his. This shows that the fate at first laid out by Catholicism may non be the 1 that is best suited to Tony. By non salvaging Lupito or his psyche, the town Tony lives in is no longer pure in his eyes. The river is the line of life of the town and once it is stained so the town will besides be tainted with the slaying of Lupito. Tony asks, How would I of all time wash off th e discoloration of blood from the sweet Waterss of my river! ( 23 ) , and in making so besides inquiries why God puts such obstructions in the waies of guiltless people. The Catholic God, it seems, is barbarous and non every bit perfect as perchance believed. By turning up and going a adult male, boys witness Acts of the Apostless of wickedness and commit a few acts themselves. Tony has witnessed wickedness but he is non a adult male because he has non committed any wickednesss or seen adequate to truly understand the universe he is populating in. Tony is taught that, It was a wickedness to turn up and be a adult male. ( 31 ) , by listening to his female parent, and realizes that one twenty-four hours he would be grown up and lose his artlessness to go a adult male. Because of this Tony sees how barbarous God can be by seting male childs on Earth to turn up and go work forces. Tony asks whether his fate and religion are the 1s he wants to believe in and begins his journey towards altering his religious beliefs, and the aureate carp merely reinforces these uncertainties that Tony is merely get downing to recognize. The following measure in Tony s religious journey begins when Tony sees another God and admirations whether this God is any kinder to his people than God. Tony believed that God should hold forgiven Narciso for his wickednesss and non Tenorio because Tony was partial to Narciso. God is non partial and when he gives forgiveness to one adult male he must besides give it to another, but Tony does non like this. God s response was I will # 8230 ; if you besides inquire me to forgive Tenorio. ( 173 ) Tony can t believe that his God would believe of forgiving an evil adult male like Tenorio. Once Narciso dies and Tony sees the beauty of the aureate carp Tony starts to inquire even more whether God is truly every bit good and fantastic as Tony has been taught he is. Tony starts to doubt and oppugn the God that earlier had been unquestionable, demoing that possibly what is first believed isn T ever right. Tony has # 8230 ; doubted the Lord! ( 174 ) because he starts to believe that possibl y the aureate carp is a better God. Tony starts to see the aureate carp as a new God, and a manner to convey goodness to the people by reflecting its visible radiation upon the Earth. The Sun is a symbol of God because the Sun brings life and joy to everything and can besides be barbarous and rough. When there is a new Sun, there is a new God that will reflect a light upon the people and hopefully edify them to what they re making incorrect, but it will besides convey with it new inhuman treatment s that Tony does non anticipate. With A new Sun to reflect its good visible radiation upon a new Earth. ( 176 ) comes an stoping and a new beginning for Tony to demo that all things must come to an terminal, even beliefs. As Tony is jolted by the decease of Narciso he doubts whether God exists and in making so inquiries whether his beliefs of God have of all time been justified. Tony s concluding religious measure has him oppugning whether there truly is a God because the faiths he knows look to be based on Gods who don t answer. Tony s religion is being destroyed by the realisation that the old Gods and their faiths are deceasing. God and the aureate carp are both old Gods and when they are gone Tony has nil left to believe in because there will be no God. In Tony s dream, he believes The old Gods are deceasing # 8230 ; ( 244 ) because he sees Cico kill the aureate carp, whereas in existent life Cico was like a sermonizer of the aureate carp. The decease of the Gods confirms the thought that faiths come and go and hence no faith is right. Besides, if there is no God in Eden to bear Tony s burden so Tony must bear it himself and he can non populate with the idea of what work forces do. Men, while powerless and insignificant, create so many jobs that they can t solve and, like Tony, they need a God to assist bear the load. If there is # 8230 ; no God in Ede n to bear my load # 8230 ; ( 243 ) so Tony must bear the weight of the towns wickednesss on his shoulders. As a consequence any faith that would set such weight on one individual can t be the right faith. Tony one time believed in the powers of God and he so learned that God did non ever forgive and he could be barbarous and average. Narciso s decease showed Tony that God could non forgive because so he would hold to forgive everyone and Tony could non accept that. After seeing the aureate carp Tony believed in the carp as a possible God, but Florence s submerging in the place of that God shattered that perfect vision. The aureate carp should hold been able to salvage Florence, but he didn T, so Tony no longer could believe in the aureate carp as a reflecting illustration of a God. The devastation of Tony s religion in those faiths resulted in him squealing, Everything I believed in was destroyed. ( 244 ) . Anaya shows that no faith is perfect in the annihilation of all of Tony s r eligions. There is nil left that Tony believes in so he sees that he must believe in the thaumaturgy and power of Ultima, because it has ever been true to him. In life people go through many different alterations but religious alterations are frequently the hardest on the individual themself because it changes their whole belief system. Tony went through several alterations spiritually in such a short clip that at the terminal of the novel he doesn t believe in anything. Anaya shows that the faith at first idea to be perfect may non be, because there are so many different faiths to take from and non one of them is wholly right. Tony was introduced to a curandera and was trained by her every bit good, which leads the reader to believe that a new faith may come out of the dust and ashes of the old beliefs, following in the instructions of a curandera. Tony could non accept the fact that God was barbarous and rough, or that the aureate carp could non hold saved Florence even though the river was its place, in malice of the fact that his parents and friends believed profoundly in these powers and still set all their religion in them. Ultima, it seems, is all that is left to believe in, because she has ever been true, and protective. The retribution that Tony wants on Tenorio is God s entirely ; nevertheless, with a new faith following in Ultima s patterns Tony could penalize Tenorio if he was still alive, and have retribution for the deceases of his friends and non be punished for it because Tony would merely be killing a enchantress. All worlds must alter and because they must, the universe they live in, including their faiths, must alter with them or be lost in clip. The Catholic faith failed to alter into what Tony needed, and so did the heathen faith, so he stopped belieiving in them ; nevertheless he saw Ultima s faith as a new unchartered manner that he could make himself. At the terminal of Tony s religious journey he finds himself lost in a universe that is prophesied to stop and without a true belief in anything. 32a

Questions on Macro Economics Essay Example

Questions on Macro Economics Essay Que According to the Keynesian view of money, there are three reasons why people hold money. Briefly describe the three (3) motives for holding money and the main determinants of each of these money balances. (15/15) According to the Keynesian view of money, there are three motives for holding money. These motives are transactionary motives, precautionary and speculative motive. Transactionary motive This is the demand for money as a medium of exchange. Money is needed for day to day expenses or day to day purchases of goods and services. Money is exchanged for goods and services that cater for the needs and wants of customers. The goods might involve the most basic ones such as food, water and shelter as well as clothing. Precautionary motive Money as a store of value can be used to cater for uncertainties. People desire money to cater for these uncertainties that might impact on their lives. Unexpected disasters such as death, floods, hailstorms and so on may increase the demand to hold money as a precaution. However certain economic conditions such as the rate of inflation may have special implications on the demand for money for precautionary motives. We will write a custom essay sample on Questions on Macro Economics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Questions on Macro Economics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Questions on Macro Economics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer If the interest rate is too high, the demand for money for precautionary motives increases. Speculative motive Money as a store of value can be demand as an outcome of speculation or expectations. Speculation has serious impacts on liquidity preference. The liquidity preference can be determined by several variables such as the rate of inflation and interest rate. If individuals or households for example expect a sharp increase in the price of commodities, the demand for money as a speculative motive decreases as the fear that the value of their money will be lost as a result of inflation. If people expect a sharp decrease in the price of commodities, the demand to hold money will increase as they know that, they will be able to buy more.  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 4 of 22 The demand to hold money as a transactionary motive is known as active balance. Money held for precautionary and speculative motive is known as idle balance. In general there is an inverse relationship between holding money as idle balance and interest rate. The higher the interest rate the greater the liquidity preference or demand for money for precautionary and speculative motive. . 2 List the three (3) main injections into the circular flow of income and spending and two (2) leakages from the circular flow of income and spending. (5/5) Injections into the circular flow are: a. Payments made by the foreign sector to the country for exports. b. Investments by foreign firms into a country. c. Government subsidies and payments for goods and services. Lea kages from the circular flow of income and spending are: a. Payments for imports to the foreign sector. b. Payment of taxed to the government. QUESTION 3 [20/20] 3. Keynesian Theory emphasised an active role for government in maintaining the full employment level of national incomes. An economy free of government intervention could not ensure a sufficient level of demand. If, however, government adjusted the level of injections and withdrawals, the level of economic activity could be controlled through the multiplier effect. Briefly describe what is meant by the multiplier effect. (5/5) The multiplier effect refers to changes in national or equilibrium income or output resulting from changes if expenditure components. The result is always a multiple of the expenditure, which implies that the result is always higher that the initial charge in other words it is a multiple of the initial charge. A change in injection, say consumption (C), investment (I), Government expenditure (G) and exports (X) results in a bigger change on the level of national output or income. The multiplier works on the portion of the injection that is channelled into the circular flow. If therefore is affected by such withdrawals as savings, taxes and imports. In an open economy, the multiplier is given by the following formula: 1 1 – C (1 – t) tm Where c, t and m represent the propensities to consumer and import which are withdrawals from the circular flow. 3. 2 Explain using an AS/AD diagram, the impact of an increase in productivity without an increase in remuneration on the aggregate demand and supply curves. Please ensure that you show all labelling on your graph. (15/15)  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 5 of 22 The impact of an increase in productivity without an increase in remuneration on AD and AS curves. AD1 AD E2 Price P P2 P0 P1 E0 E1 AS AS1 AS AD1 AS1 AD Y 0 Y0 Y1 Y2 Total Output Y From the figure above, the original price is P0 and the national income is equivalent to Y0. The economy is in equilibrium at E0. An increase in productivity shifts the aggregate supply curve to the right from AS to AS1. With the new supply curve, the equilibrium shifts to E1 at a price P1 and income Y1. Thus an increase in productivity reduces the price down to P1 and increases national income to Y1 from Y0. If there was an increase in remuneration this would have shifted the aggregate demand curve to AD, AD1 and increased the average price with a resultant higher output. QUESTION 4 4. 1 [20/20] Briefly discuss the problems facing less developed countries which explain why, as a group, LDCs tend to be poorer than developed countries. (15/15) LDC’s generally have a much higher population growth than Developed countries. Rapid population growth can create problems because new jobs have to be created in order to accommodate the increase in the labour force. If this cannot be achieved then unemployment will increase and this will also have an impact on the quality of the wellbeing of the society as well as pressure on  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 6 of 22 education and health services lacking in quality and quantity. The other problem faced by LDC’s is that the quality of the labour force tends to be low. A large number of LDC’s don’t have access to natural resources such as mineral deposits, energy sources and agricultural land for example in the tropics where the climate is not favourable for farming and in these areas crops and livestock diseases are common. Those with the mineral deposits may not be in the position to get access to capital in order for them to extract these minerals. Most LDC’s use traditional methods of farming and land ownership systems as a result of this agricultural productivity are very low. In some societies the land is owned by the community and not by the individuals therefore and person may not be motivated to protect or improve the soil since others will benefit without having to bear a cost. Agricultural development is therefore impeded. The other problem that LDC’s face is that their infrastructure is generally poorly developed. Power generation systems, roads, communication systems as well as housing facilities are lacking. This tends to affect access to the markets and also this makes it hard for firms in these countries to exploit economies of scale in the same way that those firms in developed countries do. There is also the problem of critical shortage of capital goods and access to finance in order to promote economic development. LDC’s do not have their own capital goods industries and they have to import them, and this will bring about another problem of shortage of foreign currency. LDC’s rely on foreign aid, foreign loans and foreign direct investments to purchase capital goods. 4. Name the four (4) key market-oriented policy instruments through which monetary policy is conducted in South Africa. (5/5) The four policy instruments are accommodation policy, open market policy, intervention in foreign exchange markets and public debt management. QUESTION 5 5. 1 [20/20] The South African Reserve Bank uses three different measures of the quantity of money, namely M1, M2 and M3. Explain what these measures (M1, M2 and M3) consist of. (6/6) M1 refers to all notes and coins in circulation as well as all demand deposits. M2 refers to M1 and also includes short to medium term deposits. M3 is made up of M1 and M2 and also includes all long term deposits. 5. 2 Use demand and supply analysis to graphically illustrate and explain the economic impact of an import tariff on a good such as textiles. Your graph and explanation must show the situation in the absence of international trade and after the economy is opened up to international trade. (11/11) The graph below illustrates the economic impact of an import tariff on a good such as textiles:  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 7 of 22 P AD AS Price P0 E0 Pt SW Pw AS 0 Q1 Q2 Q0 Q4 Q5 AD Q QUANTITY 5. 3. List three (3) components of the balance of payments. (3/3) In the absence of international trade in the textile market, aggregate demand (AD) and aggregate supply (AS) are at equilibrium at E0, where price is P0 and quantity is Q0. The economy is opened up to international trade. The world supply of textiles is now reflected by SW. this is a horizontal supply curve that reflects that at the world price of Pw, an unlimited quantity of textiles is available for supply. This is a large decrease in price from the equilibrium price of P0. At the world price of Pw, the domestic suppliers are only able and willing to supply a quantity of Q1, however the domestic demand at Pn is for Q5. Thus at Pw, the domestic suppliers will supply a quantity of Q1, however the domestic demand at Pn is for Q5. Thus at Pw, the domestic suppliers will supply a quantity at Q1 whilst the remaining quantity demanded (Q5 – Q1) will be imported into the country from the international market. This will result in the domestic textile industry being severely affected as companies shut down and people loose their jobs. EXAM TOTAL: 100 IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 8 of 22 MACROECONOMICS (MAC) ECONOMICS 1 (ECO101) 30 MAY 2012 Answer ANY FIVE (5) questions QUESTION 1 1. 1. 1 Study the following Lorentz curve and then answer the questions: [20/20] i. What does the Lorentz curve illustrate? (3/3) The Lorentz curve illustrates the degree of inequality in the distribution of income in a population. What does line OB represent? Perfect equality in the distribution of income. Which line is the Lorentz curve? The line that runs from 0 through a, b, c, d to B. What is the shaded area called? The area of inequality. (2/2) ii. iii. (2/2) iv. (2/2) v. Where will you find the greatest possible inequality? (2/2) This is where only one individual or household earns the entire income. This would be illustrated by a line running from 0 to A to B. With reference to the Lorentz curve above, how is the Gini coefficient calculated? (2/2) Gini coefficient would be calculated by dividing the area of the Lorentz curve (0, a, b, c, d, B) by the area of the right-angled triangle 0AB. When will the Gini coefficient be zero? When there is perfect equality in the distribution of income (OB). 1/1) vi. vii. viii. When will the Gini coefficient be one?  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing (1/1) Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 9 of 22 When there is there is the greatest possible inequality total income accrues to one individual or household (line running from 0 to A to B) 1. 2 List five (5) causes of cost-push inflation. Increase in profit margins. Increase in the price of other inputs e. g. imported oil or capital goods. Wage and salary increase unaccompanied by an increase in productivity. Decrease in productivity. Deteriorations in the weather. 20/20] (5/5) QUESTION 2 2. 1 Which of the following are changes in injections and which are changes in withdrawals in South Africa’s circular flow of income? In each case, specify whether the change is an increase or decrease ceteris paribus. i. The local council funds a new metro project for the city. Change in injection Increase ceteris paribus. The government raises tax allowances. Change in withdrawal Decrease ceteris paribus. (2/2) ii. (2/2) iii. A leading South African company wins a major overseas contract. (2/2) Change in injection Increase ceteris paribus. Government reduces child benefits. Change in withdrawal Decrease ceteris paribus. (2/2) iv. v. Depreciation in the exchange rate affects the popularity of holidays abroad. (2/2) Change in withdrawal Decreases ceteris paribus. 2. 2 The South African Reserve Bank regards financial stability as its most important objective. Identify and discuss two areas where the South African Reserve Bank plays a pivotal role in pursuit of this objective. (10/10) Financial Stability ? Bank notes and coins The SA Reserve Bank issues, destroys, prints produces bank notes and coins. The mint company produces coins and the note company prints the  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 10 of 22 notes. It is done according to the demand of money needed to circulate in the economy. ? ? ? ? ? ? Supervision (Bank). The SA Reserve Bank issues licenses to other banks. The SA Reserve Bank has the responsibility to make sure other banks function correctly in the economy. Supervises and corrects other banks when needed. Offers liquidity to other banks. Acts as a clearing bank to other banks. [20/20] QUESTION 3 3. 1 The Aggregate Demand – Aggregate Supply model (AS/AD) is a guide for policymaking. Explain, using a AS/AD model, the effect on the Aggregate Demand (AD) as the result of an Expansionary Monetary and Fiscal Policy. First draw the diagram and then explain the effect on the Aggregate Demand (AD). (16/16) The diagram below shows the effects of Expansionary Monetary and Fiscal Policy in the AS/AD model. P ADI AS PRICE LEVEL P2 E1 P0 E0 AD AS AD ADI 0 Y1 Y2 TOTAL PRODUCTION, INCOME Y  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 11 of 22 Expansionary Monetary and Fiscal Policy entails the reduction in interest rates and increase in money supply. Increase in government expenditure or spending and lowering of taxes. By this, demand in the economy would have been increased, because participants in the economy have enough credits to spend hence prices of goods and services will increase. On the diagram, prior to the expansionary monetary and Fiscal policy production on the horizontal was of Y1, price level of P0 and equilibrium of E0. Due to Expansionary monetary and Fiscal policy production increased to Y2, price level to P2 and new equilibrium to E1. The Aggregate demand curve has shifted to the right to ADI and the AS supply curve remains as it is, no effect. 3. 2 Identify four (4) types of unemployment. Four types of unemployment: Cyclical unemployment Seasonal unemployment Structural unemployment Frictional unemployment (4/4) QUESTION 4 4. 1 Distinguish between the following: i. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) [20/20] (4/4) GDP equation GDP = C + I + G + (x-z) It excludes imports. GDP is the total value of production within the boundaries of the country. ii. Gross Domestic Expenditure (GDE) (3/3) GDE = C + I + G Excludes exports. GDE is equal to GDP at market prices. GDE is the total value of goods and services in the boundaries of the country. iii. Gross National Income (GNI) GNI = Primary income receipts. Primary income payments. GNI measures the standard of living. GNI = GNP 4. 2 In a system of market-determined exchange rate, how would the following affect the price of the rand in terms of the dollar? Explain your answer in terms of whether there is a shift in the demand or supply curves (or both) and which way the curve(s) shifts. (3/3)  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 12 of 22 i. More capital goods are imported from China. 2/2) Demand curve shifts to the right, supply curve remains the same, Rand depreciates against the dollar. Net investments in South Africa increase. (2/2) Demand curve shifts to the right, supply curve shifts to the right, Rand appreciates against the dollar. Speculators believe the exchange rate will fall. (2/2) Demand curve shifts to the right, supply curve shifts to the left, th e Rand depreciates against the dollar. Interest rates in South Africa fall relative to those abroad. (2/2) The demand curve shifts to the left, supply curve stays the same the Rand depreciates against the dollar. South Africa experiences a high rate of inflation. (2/2) The demand curve shifts right, the supply curve shifts left the rand depreciates against the dollar. [20/20] ii. iii. iv. v. QUESTION 5 5. 1 The relationship between household expenditure and income is called the consumption function. Graphically illustrate the consumption function and describe three (3) important features of the consumption function. (11/11) The diagram below illustrates the consumption function: TOTAL SPENDING C2 C C1 C Y C Y 0 INCOME In the diagram above it illustrates that an increase in income will result in an increase in total spending. Although there is an increase in total spending, the increase in total spending is less than the increase in  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Y4 Y5 Page 13 of 22 income. Spending or consumption will not begin at zero because our consumption function which is C is slightly above zero. 5. 2 List the five (5) macroeconomic objectives. Five macroeconomic objectives are as follows: Full employment. Economic growth Stability in price Balance of payment Equitable distribution of income 5. 3 Briefly explain the ‘Consumer Price Index’ (CPI). (4/4) (5/5) Consumer Price Index is defined as the price index of the basket with goods and services of consumers. Consumer Price Index is used to measure inflation rate usually on an annual basis. Consumer Price Index is calculated by selecting goods and services that is expected to be consumed by average consumers in an economy. In the Consumer Price Index the importance of goods and services is determined by the weight allocated to each good and service in the basket. QUESTION 6 6. 1 Draw a figure explaining a typical business cycle. [20/20] (8/8) Economic activity + B Peak (boom) (upswing) recovery recession (downswing) Time C A trough A business cycle consists of peaks and troughs.  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 14 of 22 6. 2 At point A the through the economy will be in recession where the level of economic activity will be low, high inflation, no investments, high unemployment. At point B the peak caused by an upswing or when the economy rec overs from the recession the economic level of activities will be at its highest, low inflation, high investments, high productivity. It is usually called a boom. Also unemployment will be low. Then there is a downswing from the boom to recession and to the trough again. The cycle goes on and on. Suppose the price of a packet of 20 cigarettes is R12. 00. At this equilibrium price the quantity sold is 150 000 packets per week. Government now introduces an additional excise tax of R4. 00 per packet. Use the data to construct a graph to explain the effect of the introduction of this excise tax. First draw the graph and then explain the effect. Indicate the following on the graph and explain: i. ii. iii. The original equilibrium price and quantity The new equilibrium price and quantity The tax levied per packet 12/12)  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 15 of 22 R Price of packet(R) S1 20 S1 D R4. 00 S 18 16 14. 40 14 E2 E0 12 E1 10. 40 10 S1 8 D 6 S 4 2 50 100 120 Quantity sold (in thousands) per week 150 200 At the beginning of a price of R12. 00 we are at equilibrium E0 with 150 000 packets being sold per week. With the introduction of an additional excise tax of R4. 00 per packet our supply curve moves to the left and cuts the demand curve of our new equilibrium E2 with price of R14. 40 and a quantity of 120 000 packets per week. The supplier will be able sell at a price of about R10. 40 with a quantity of 120 000 packets per week. The tax levied per packet is shown by the distance between E1 and E2 and is the additional excess tax of R4. 00. The supplier will make sale at a lower price from R12. 00 to R10. 40 which is R1. 60 less and the consumer will buy at a higher price of R14. 40 which is R2. 40 more. EXAM TOTAL: 100  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 16 of 22 MACROECONOMICS (MAC) ECONOMICS 1 (ECO101) 21 OCTOBER 2011 Answer ANY FIVE (5) questions QUESTION 1 1. [18/20] Discuss the circular flow of goods and services by drawing a diagram and then explaining this flow. (10/10) Firms Factors of production Goods and services Factor market Goods market Factors of production Goods and services Households From the above diagram we are able to see that households produce the factors of production, and sell them on the factor market. The factors of production are purchased fr om the factor market, by firms. Firms then take the factors of production, and turn them into goods and services, which are then sold on the goods market. Households then purchase the goods and services from the goods market for consumption. 1. 2 Name the most important total of the balance of payments. The balance of gold and foreign exchange reserves. 1. 3 Provide four (4) reasons for your answer in 1. 2 above. (6/8) (2/2) The balance of gold and foreign exchange reserves is the most important total because the answer is obtained by adding the two major accounts (current and financial account) together.  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 17 of 22 This total shows the financial standing of a country compared to the rest of the world. The total depicts if the country is importing or exporting more. And the total allows us to see which areas, in terms of financial stability, on which we can improve. QUESTION 2 2. 1 On what basic idea did Keynes base his model? [20/20] (2/2) Keynes based his model on the basic idea that production and income are determined by aggregate spending. In other words aggregate spending drives total production and income in the economy thus A 2. 2 Y The consumption function is concerned with total spending in the economy. Give six (6) important factors that affect consumption. Consumption can be affected by the following factors: (6/6) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Wealth Interest rates Level of taxation Expectations Distribution of income Age distribution of population (2/2) 2. 3 What is meant by ‘prices are given’ in terms of this model? In terms of the Keynesian model when they say â€Å"prices are given† they mean that prices are set outside the model, they are not generated in the model. 2. 4 The aim of a simple Keynesian macroeconomic model is to explain how national income is determined. Describe five (5) assumptions upon which this model is based. 10/10) The simple Keynesian model is based on various assumptions of which the following may be discussed: Firstly, it assumes that the economy consist of households and firms only. These are the basic decision-making and production units only. The model also assumes that there is no government thus the local, regional and central government is not part of the simple Keynesian model. There is no f oreign sector. It assumes that it is a closed economy where there is no interaction with the rest of the world.  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 18 of 22 The forth assumption is that money supply and interest rates are given. The interest rates are determined outside the model. Therefore the model cannot influence the monetary sector operations. Lastly, the simple Keynesian model assumes that â€Å"prices are given†. All market prices are given and they are not generated in the model which implies that the model cannot be used to calculate the inflation rate. QUESTION 3 3. 1 [20/20] Explain the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and give the formula for the calculation thereof. (5/5) Gross Domestic Product is the total value of goods and service within the country. GDP is calculated by product, income and expenditure and excludes imports. GDP = C + 1 + G + (x – z) 3. 2 Explain the Gross Domestic Expenditure (GDE) and give the formula for the calculation thereof. (5/5) Gross Domestic Expenditure is the total value of spending on goods produced in the country. GDE is equal to GDP at market price. Excludes exports GDE = C + 1 + G 3. 3 Define the monetary policy. (2/2) Monetary policy can be defined as a measure of monetary authorities to influence quantity of money or interest. 3. 4 Give the four (4) key instruments used in the monetary policy. a. b. c. . Accommodation policy Open market policy Public debt management Intervention on foreign exchange rate [20/20] (2/2) (8/8) QUESTION 4 4. 1 When is a tax a general tax? A general tax is a tax levied on goods and services i. e. VAT. 4. 2 When is a tax a selective tax? A selective tax is a tax levied only on selected goods. i. e. alcohol. (2/2)  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 19 of 22 4. 3 When is a tax proportional? (2/2) A proportional tax is when the tax paid (i. e. income tax) is proportional to the income earned. 4. 4 When is a tax progressive? (2/2) A progressive tax is a tax that increases as income increases (i. e. income tax). 4. 5 When is a tax regressive? A regressive tax is a tax which reduces as income increases (i. e. VAT) 4. 6 What type of tax is ‘Value Added Tax’ (VAT) and why? (2/2) (2/2) Value Added Tax is a general tax. It is levied on most goods and services. 4. 7 Assume a bottle of wine costs R45. 95 and the government raises the tax on wine by R4. 00 per bottle. Answer the following questions: a) What will happen to the consumption of wine in the country? (2/2) The consumption of wine will decrease due to a drop in demand caused by the higher price. ) Give the three (3) groups that will share the burden of this increase in tax. (6/6) Employer – the employer will receive less profit per bottle of wine. Employee – there will be less demand which will lead to a decrease in supply / production which can create less jobs or wage cuts. Consumer – the consumer will pay more for a bottle of wine due to inflation in the price. [20/20] QUESTION 5 Suppose the market is in equilibrium at an exchange rate of â‚ ¬11 and a quantity of 14 billion eurodollars a day. Suppose there is a decrease in the supply of eurodollars. 5. Draw a graph showing the original equilibrium position. (5/5)  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 20 of 22 A decrease in the supply of eurodollars D â‚ ¬ S1 14 E1 S 12 Price of eurodollars (exchange rate) 11 E 8 6 4 D 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Q Quantity of eurodollars per day (billions) 5. 2 Then on the same graph, show the effect of the decrease in the supply of eurodollars. (5/5) Provide a brief explanation of the effect shown in (5. 2). (10/10) 5. 3 Original supply curve at (SS), Demand at (DD) equilibrium at E (â‚ ¬11:14), price is at â‚ ¬11 and quantity at 14. The new supply curve at SS1, equilibrium at E1, price at 14 and quantity at 12. When price appreciates the quantity demanded depreciates, and it forms a new equilibrium at an exchange rate of â‚ ¬14 and a quantity of 12. The supply of eurodollars decreases. QUESTION 6 6. 1 [16/20] Draw a Philips curve which shows the relationship between inflation and unemployment. (7/8)  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 Page 21 of 22 Figure 2 ^P P Inflation Rate (%) 5 A 2 B U -2 3 6 Unemployment Rate (%) Define the concept of ‘stagflation’. 6. 2 (2/2) Stagflation is the combination of an increased unemployment rate along with an increase in inflation. 6. 3 Draw a figure that shows the impact of ‘stagflation’ on the Philips curve. (8/8) Figure 3 ^P P 6 Inflation Rate (%) A 5 A U 4 Unemployment Rate (%)  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101 6 Page 22 of 22 6. 4 Give two (2) other factors which would cause the Philips curve to move in the same direction as the movement caused by ‘stagflation’. (1/2) Recession in a country. Production costs increase. EXAM TOTAL: 100  © IMM Graduate School of Marketing Good Answer Booklet MAC/ECO101

the fear of food Essay

the fear of food Essay the fear of food Essay Dear governor, As a concerned citizen of your town, it has come to my attention that the Governor of NJ wants to impose calorie intake restrictions on fast food restaurants and that this will result in many popular items being removed from the menu. I completely agree with this idea for the following reasons: Junk food is a major cause of childhood obesity, eating junk food as a primary method of nourishment will lead to diseases and illness, and Junk food is a major cause of childhood obesity. 32% of youth are overweight and nearly 70% are unfit. The fast food offered contributes to this problem. A single can of soda has as much as 13 teaspoons of sugar in the form of high- fructose corn syrup. Many of these sodas are available at fast food restaurants at low prices as well as many other completely unhealthy foods like chips. Lunches have a very high fat content and fast food restaurants supplies residents with the same commodity foods as prisons. Due to the lack of fresh and flavorful food, many people will choose to buy cheap junk food offered instead. If we could cut down on these junk foods, then we may be able to solve this problem. Secondly, eating junk food as a primary method of nourishment will lead to diseases and illness because your body is being deprived from its needed nutrias. Obesity, diabetic, Hypertension, cancer and other chronic diseases are highly related to fast food. It has more calories on average mea l than healthy food do, leading to greater

Philosophy A New Way To Be Mad By Carl Elliot Essay

Philosophy A New Way To Be Mad By Carl Elliot - Essay Example Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), also known as Amputee Identity Disorder or Apotemnophilia (from Greek ÃŽ ±Ãâ‚¬ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€žÃŽ ­ÃŽ ¼ÃŽ ½ÃŽ µÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ½ "to cut off", and φÎ ¹ÃŽ »ÃŽ ¯ÃŽ ± "love of") is the overwhelming desire to amputate one or more healthy limbs or other parts of the body. Sometimes its sufferers take it upon themselves to amputate their own limbs and/or penis. Although it most commonly refers to people who wish to amputate limbs, the term BIID also applies to those who wish to alter their bodily integrity in general (Wikipedia). As a normal human being one strives to be self sufficient. It is more of a vice than virtue to take assistance from someone. If you ask any amputee about the thing he would like to have in this world, his answer would be to get his/her amputated part back. Therefore, the development of a psychological condition in which one intends to become â€Å"incomplete† from â€Å"complete† is difficult to understand. The essence o f condition which leads to disintegration from an integrated and superior stage is what is hard to believe.... In the second essay of "Genealogy of Morals" Nietzsche delve into the development of bad conscience. He mentions that when a man (slave/common man) is deprived of manifesting his "will to power" towards the others (masters/influential people) his energies are turned against himself inwardly and "the instinct of cruelty turns back after it can no longer discharge itself externally." Therefore, it is that cruelty generated in the conditions of helplessness which causes the state of apotemnophilia. Coupled with above, the generation of feeling of self pity and pity from others can be another reason of such behavior. As a normal healthy person is expected to help, the apotemnophiliac from inside is not inclined to do that. Now in normal circumstances he will be looked down upon not helping someone. However, by creating a self generated disability he is not only avoiding the situation of helping others but also generating permanent circumstances in which he is thought to be deserving a preferential treatment. However, what ever the theories are we must understand that the condition of these individuals is not a new phenomenon, but according to few it seem to be on rise. Whether this observation is true or not is debatable. Because we are living in a far more connected world than what it was before. To ascertain that whether the phenomenon is on the rise in recent past is really not possible as the record of our eras' "less interactive" past is not available. However it can be conveniently said that it is prevalent in the prosperous society as compared to a backward one. It is because in prosperous societies more individuals are on "self actualization" stage and thus are more prone to feel their inability to express their energies outwardly, resultantly leading to